Inhalt des Dokuments
Health care systems in transition: Hungary
Autor | Gaál
P. |
Verlag | Edited by Riesberg A.
Copenhagen, WHO Regional Office for Europe on behalf of the European
Observatory on Health Systems and
Policies |
Zusammenfassung
[1]
- © Copyright??
[2]
- © .
Hungary is located in the Carpathian basin in
central Europe. The country covers a territory of 93 000 km2 (1% of
the size of Europe), more than half of which is lowlands surrounded by
mountain ridges and hills. The Danube and Tisza rivers, and Lake
Balaton, the biggest freshwater lake in central Europe, are the
country’s main sources of water (1). Its neighbours are Slovakia to
the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Montenegro as
well as Croatia to the south, and Slovenia and Austria to the west.
Hungary had 10.2 million inhabitants in January 2003 with about 99%
holding Hungarian citizenship (1,53). Approximately 5 million
Hungarians live outside the current borders of the country. A small
share of them left the country during several waves of emigration,
such as after the world wars, and after the 1956 revolution against
communist rule.
In 2001, 3.1% of the population considered
themselves members of a national minority in Hungary. The largest
ethnic minority group, the Roma or Gypsy community, numbered 190 000
(1), but estimates of other sources are two to three times higher than
of the population census (7). In 2001, 89% of the population revealed
its religious affiliation, of which 58.2% considered themselves Roman
Catholic, 17.8% Calvinist, 3.4% Lutheran, 3.0% Greek Catholic and
17.7% had another or no religious denomination (1). The official
language, Magyar (Hungarian) is part of the Finno-Ugric language
group. With respect to demographic trends, the population in Hungary
has been decreasing since the 1980s, mainly because the birth rate has
been below the mortality rate since 1981 (1). The population is ageing
as the share of the elderly, aged 65 or over, has been increasing
steadily, accompanied by a decrease in the share of 14-year olds
and...
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04.publications/2004.gaal_hit.Hungary_summary-e.pdf
04.publications/2004.gaal_HiT-Hungary2004.pdf